User:Mozart/Issues in domestic violence

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Victims

Anyone can be a victim of domestic violence, regardless of sex, sexual orientation, or sex or gender identity.[1] Research by Eleanora Dal Grande et al indicates that the overall prevalence of domestic violence was 17.8% in 2003, including physically violent and abusive relationships as well as emotionally abusive relationships.[2] 22.9% of all women and 12.1% of all men have experienced domestic violence.[3] Approximately 44.9% of female victims and 23.8% of male victims experience physical hurt.[4] Physical injuries (including bruising, cuts, scratches and burns) are experienced almost equally by men and women, there is a marked gender divergence as the injuries increase in severity: 19.9% of female victims experience fractures or broken bones compared to just under 0.8% of male victims.[5] An examination of homicides by Patricia Easteal reveals that between 1989 and 1991, approximately 80% of homicides where the victim and perpetrator were intimate sexual partners were committed by men.[6] Domestic violence is primarily ongoing abuse rather than isolated incidents.[7]

According to Dal Grande et al's study, victims are generally unlikely to to use prescribed medications to cope with domestic violence (19.9%), but women are more likely to (25.4%) compared to men (7.1%).[8] On the other hand, 15.1% of victims will use alcohol or non-prescribed drugs to cope, men being more likely (19.2%) compared to women (13.3%).[9] Most victims will not contact the police (82% total; 91.9% male; 77.4% female), non-health services (72.4% total; 81.6% male; 68.5% female) or health services (72.1% total; 73.9% male; 71.3% female) for assistance or treatment.[10] The main reasons for not using either non-health or health services was that victims felt they did not want or need help, that the issue was too minor, that too much time had elapsed since the incident, or that they were simply unaware of the services.[11]

LGBT+ victims

Research suggests that instances of domestic violence within LGBT+ relationships occur at approximately the same rate as heterosexual relationships.[12] Lack of acceptance and recognition of LGBT+ communities within broader society trivialises and heightens the harms caused by domestic violence in such relationships.[13] Elizabeth Broderick suggests that approaches to domestic violence in these relationships should aim to increase awareness among the LGBT+ community of where victims can seek help, provide adequate and ongoing funding and resources to ensure inclusion of LGBT+ communities, and inclusive implementation of the National Plan to Reduce Violence Against Women and Their Children.[14]

Perpetrators

Children

References

  1. ↑ Elizabeth Broderick (Federal Sex Discrimination Commissioner), 'Not so straight forward: Domestic violence in Australia' (2011) 36(4) Alternative Law Journal 224.
  2. ↑ Eleanora Dal Grande et al, 'Domestic violence in South Australia: a population survey of males and females' (2003) 27(5) Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 543, 545.
  3. ↑ Eleanora Dal Grande et al, 'Domestic violence in South Australia: a population survey of males and females' (2003) 27(5) Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 543, 545.
  4. ↑ Eleanora Dal Grande et al, 'Domestic violence in South Australia: a population survey of males and females' (2003) 27(5) Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 543, 545–546.
  5. ↑ Eleanora Dal Grande et al, 'Domestic violence in South Australia: a population survey of males and females' (2003) 27(5) Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 543, 546.
  6. ↑ Patricia Weiser Easteal, Killing the Beloved: Homicide Between Adult Sexual Intimates (Australian Institute of Criminology, 1993) 50.
  7. ↑ Eleanora Dal Grande et al, 'Domestic violence in South Australia: a population survey of males and females' (2003) 27(5) Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 543, 545.
  8. ↑ Eleanora Dal Grande et al, 'Domestic violence in South Australia: a population survey of males and females' (2003) 27(5) Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 543, 547.
  9. ↑ Eleanora Dal Grande et al, 'Domestic violence in South Australia: a population survey of males and females' (2003) 27(5) Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 543, 547.
  10. ↑ Eleanora Dal Grande et al, 'Domestic violence in South Australia: a population survey of males and females' (2003) 27(5) Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 543, 547.
  11. ↑ Eleanora Dal Grande et al, 'Domestic violence in South Australia: a population survey of males and females' (2003) 27(5) Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 543, 547.
  12. ↑ Elizabeth Broderick (Federal Sex Discrimination Commissioner), 'Not so straight forward: Domestic violence in Australia' (2011) 36(4) Alternative Law Journal 224 citing William Leonard et al, 'Coming Forward: The Underreporting of Heterosexist Violence and Same Sex Partner Abuse in Victoria' (Monograph Series No 69, La Trobe University Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health & Society, 2008); also citing Janine Farrell and Somali Cerise, 'Fair's Fair: A Snapshot of Violence and Abuse in Sydney LGBT Relationships 2006' (ACON and Same Sex Domestic Violence Interagency Working Group, 2006); also citing Marian Pitts et al, 'Private Lives: A Report on Health and Wellbeing of GLBTI Australians' (Monograph Series No 57, La Trobe University Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health & Society, 2006) 51–52.
  13. ↑ Elizabeth Broderick (Federal Sex Discrimination Commissioner), 'Not so straight forward: Domestic violence in Australia' (2011) 36(4) Alternative Law Journal 224.
  14. ↑ Elizabeth Broderick (Federal Sex Discrimination Commissioner), 'Not so straight forward: Domestic violence in Australia' (2011) 36(4) Alternative Law Journal 224.
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